.sr docfile = &sysfnam. ;.sr docversion = 'Draft';.im teigmlp1 .* Document proper begins. .sr docdate '23 November 1991' Terminological Data <author>Alan Melby <author>Sue Ellen Wright <author>Gregory Shreve <author>Gerhard Budin <author>Richard Strehlow <docnum>TEI &docfile. <date>&docdate. </titlep> <!> </frontm> <!> <body> <h1>The Nature of Terminological Data <p> Terminological information generally resides in terminology databases (TDBs), but for SGML applications, these collections of data can be viewed as documents. A document containing terminological data is made up of terminological entries. Typically, terminological entries contain information on the assignment of single or multi-word terms to concepts. Although it is possible to define common data elements included in most terminological databases, structure and presentation vary considerably from system to system depending on the approach because of differences in design and user needs. Users of TDBs frequently need to interchange data in order to access expert information and to prevent the duplication of effort, but differences in software, hardware, and methodological approach complicate interchange. As a consequence, the TEI description of TDBs is intended primarily as an interchange format. <h1>The Terminological Entry <p> The basic unit of terminology management is the terminological entry. Generally speaking, terminological entries contain at least one term. In addition to the term, various kinds of descriptive and administrative data are recorded concerning the term, the concept to which it is assigned, and relationships to other terms and concepts. Administrative information supports the management of the terminology database or document. <h2>Example 1: Sample terminological entry <xmp> <![ CDATA [ subject field: appearance of materials English term: opacity grammatical information, part of speech, English term: noun definition, English term: degree of obstruction to the transmission of visible light bibliographical source, English term information: ASTM Standard E284 responsibility for English term information: ASTM Technical Committee E12 German term: Opazität grammatical information, part of speech, German term: noun grammatical information, gender, German term: feminine definition, German term: Maß für die Lichtdurch- sichtigkeit bibliographical source, German term information: DIN terminology responsibility, German term information: DIN Technical Committee for paper products ]]> </xmp> <h1>Basic Structure of the Terminological Entry <p> A terminological entry is identified with the <tag>termEntry</tag> tag and contains one or more terms marked with the tag <tag>term</tag>, which may appear with associated data elements. A single term and its associated data elements (<tag>gram</tag>, <tag>descrip</tag>, <tag>admin</tag>) comprise a Term Information Group <tag>tig</tag>. A <tag>termEntry</tag> may be made up of one or more <tag>tig</tag>s. <p> There are two structural descriptions for <tag>termEntry</tag>s: <ol> <li>Nested <tag>termEntry</tag>s <li>Flat <tag>termEntry</tag>s </ol> <h2>3.1. Nested < termEntry >s <p> A nested <tag>termEntry</tag> uses SGML to represent the hierarchical relationships implicit in the terminological entry by embedding subordinate data elements within their superordinate elements. In order to facilitate the interchange of terminological data, the terminological entry requires the kind of structured representation illustrated in Example 2. The conversion routine that creates the nested entry infers the language of the <tag>tig</tag> from the language of the <tag>term</tag>, a process that can be construed as "upward inheritance" from <tag>term</tag> to <tag>tig</tag>. Standard TEI inheritance applies for all the elements embedded in the <tag>tig</tag> unless the current <term>lang</term> value is overridden by stating a new value. <h2>Example 2: Nested < termEntry > <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry> <descrip type=domain> appearance of materials </descrip> <tig lang=en> <term lang=en> opacity <gram type=pos> n </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> degree of obstruction to the transmission of visible light <citnRef target=ASTM E284> <admin type=responsibility> E12 </admin> </descrip> </tig> <tig lang=de> <term lang=de> Opazität <gram type=pos> n </gram> <gram type=gen> f </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> Maß für die Lichtdurchsichtigkeit <citnRef target=DIN> <admin type=responsibility> DIN TC for paper products </admin> </descrip> </tig> </termEntry> ]]> </xmp> <h2>3.2. Flat < termEntry >s with Adjacent Elements <p> The flat terminological entry provides mechanisms for representing the different types of terminological entries that occur in source TDBs, whereas the nested structure characterizes the structure of the document once it has been prepared for interchange. The difference between the nested and the flat terminological entries is that the flat entry does not represent the logical hierarchy implicit within the entry by embedding elements in one another. Since many existing terminological entries do not overtly indicate any hierarchical structure such as that represented in a nested entry, it is necessary to define grouping mechanisms for flat entries such as those described by the following rules of adjacency: <ol> <li>Any element that appears in a <tag>termEntry</tag> <emph>before</emph> the <emph>first</emph> <tag>term</tag> is assumed to apply to the entire <tag>termEntry</tag>. <li>Any element that appears in a <tag>termEntry</tag> <emph>after</emph> a <tag>term</tag> and before the next term is implicitly associated with the preceding <tag>term</tag>. Thus, each <tag>term</tag> introduces a new <tag>tig</tag>. </ol> <p> Note that the <tag>tig</tag> tag is not used in flat entries because the term information group is only implicit in the term entry. <h2>Example 3: Flat < termEntry > <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry> <descrip type=domain> appearance of materials </descrip> <term lang=en> opacity </term> <gram type=pos> n </gram> <descrip type=definition> degree of obstruction to the transmission of visible light </descrip> <citnRef target=ASTM E284> <admin type=responsibility> E12 </admin> <term lang=de> Opazität </term> <gram type=pos> n </gram> <gram type=gen> f </gram> <descrip type=definition> Maß für die Lichtdurch- sichtigkeit </descrip> <citnRef target=DIN> <admin type=responsibility> DIN TC for paper products </admin> </termEntry> ]]> </xmp> <h2>3.3. Flat < termEntry >s with Non-adjacent Elements: Exceptions to the Rules of Adjacency <p> In practice, there are term entries where elements are ordered in such a way that the rules of adjacency cannot be used. For instance, in Example 3 the citation references refer to their respective terms. It may, however, be desirable for the citation reference to refer to the quoted material in the descriptive element, but not to the term itself. Because the second rule of adjacency dictates that all elements following the term refer to that term, a mechanism is required to "point" to the element with which the displaced element is grouped or on which it depends. <p> There are also other exceptions to the adjacency rules: in some term entries, data elements are associated with a term other than the immediately preceding <tag>term</tag>. Such entries may be called discontiguous flat term entries. Furthermore, information pertaining to the entire terminological entry may not always appear at the beginning of the entry (i.e., prior to the introduction of a term). <h2>Example 4: Discontiguous Flat < termEntry > <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry n=texyz> <term lang=en n=1> opacity </term> <gram type=pos depend=1> n </gram> <term lang=de n=2> Opazität </term> <gram type=pos depend=2> n </gram> <gram type=gen depend=2> f </gram> <descrip type=definition group=1 n=endes1> degree of obstruction to the transmission of visible light </descrip> <descrip type=definition group=2 n=dedes1> Maß für die Lichtdurchsichtigkeit </descrip> <citnRef depend=endes1 target=ASTM E284> <admin type=responsibility depend=endes1> E12 </admin> <citnRef depend=dedes1 target=DIN> <admin type=responsibility depend=dedes1> DIN TC for paper </admin> <descrip type=domain depend=texyz> appearance of materials </descrip> </termEntry> ]]> </xmp> <p> In order to describe appropriate relationships in discontiguous flat <tag>termEntry</tag>s, it is necessary to define a pointing mechanism that allows any non-adjacent data element to be related to an implicit term information group and therefore to the <tag>term</tag> with which it is associated. During interchange, the attribute <term>group</term> is used to extract and assemble all the elements related to a specific term information group from a discontiguous flat <tag>termEntry</tag> by matching them to a term identified with the attribute <term>n</term> followed by a value unique within the term entry. It should be noted that <term>id</term> values must be unique within the document, whereas <term>n</term> values pertain only to each individual terminological entry. The <term>group</term> pointer accounts for the kind of relationship represented by the principle of adjacency. <p> In a discontiguous flat <tag>termEntry</tag>, all elements that would be embedded inside other individual data elements in a nested <tag>termEntry</tag> are to be flagged with a <att>depend</att> identifier that serves as a pointer to target the parent data element, which is identified with the <term>n</term> attribute followed by a value that is unique within the term entry. As shown in the last line of Example 4, the <term>depend</term> pointer can also point to the entire terminological entry by targeting a value of <term>n</term> indicated in the <tag>termEntry</tag> tag. In Example 3, the grammatical element(s) follow the <tag>term</tag> elements, which indicates that they are associated with the preceding term, but TEI AI7, the Terminology Working Group, has determined that it would prefer that grammatical elements be embedded in the <tag>term</tag> element. In flat entries, this is only possible using the <att>depend</att> attribute. <p> In Example 4, the English term opacity is identified as <term>n=1</term>, and all other elements associated with this <tag>tig</tag> are marked as <term>group=1</term>; in German, the term and all its associated elements are identified as <term>n=2</term> and <term>group=2</term>, respectively. Since the sources (citation references) are displaced from the descriptive information with which they are associated, the descriptions are identified <term>n=endes1</term> and <term>n=dedes1</term>, respectively. The <tag>citnRef</tag> tags are then identified with <term>depend</term> attributes that target the appropriate descrip- tions. Even if the elements in the entry were adjacent, this convention would be essential if one wanted to indicate that the source applies to <tag>descrip</tag>, but not directly to the term itself. <h2>3.4. References between Term Entries <p> Terminology documents utilize a variety of cross-references between <tag>termEntry</tag>s, for instance between equivalents in different languages, synonyms and related terms and concepts. These references are implemented using the TEI tag <tag>xref</tag>. Bibliographical entries are referenced using the TEI tag <tag>citnRef</tag>. <h1>Tags and Attributes <p> The tags and attributes listed below are based on empirical studies. The studies indicated the use of a wide variety of different data element types, but a relatively small set of generic identifiers and attributes are common to most, if not all, TDBs. In addition, some existing TEI tags and attributes can be used in terminological applications. <h2>TEI-TERM Tags <ul> <li><tag>termEntry</tag> <li><tag>tig</tag> <li><tag>term</tag> <li><tag>gram</tag> <li><tag>ofig</tag> <li><tag>otherForm</tag> <li><tag>descrip</tag> <li><tag>admin</tag> </ul> <h2>TEI-TERM Attributes <ul> <li><term>group</term> <li><term>depend</term> <li><term>type</term> </ul> <h2>Existing TEI tags <ul> <li><tag>note</tag> <li><tag>xref</tag> <li><tag>date</tag> <li><tag>citn</tag> <li><tag>citnRef</tag> <li><tag>table</tag> <li><tag>figure</tag> <li><tag>formula</tag> </ul> <h2>Existing TEI Attributes <ul> <li><term>lang</term> <li><term>n</term> <li><term>id</term> </ul> <h2>4.1. Tags <ul> <li><tag>admin</tag> (administrative information) : information pertaining to data management and documentation in terminology databases. <li><tag>date</tag> : <emph>in terminological applications</emph>, date of entry creation, modification or final approval. <li><tag>descrip</tag> (description) : any kind of descriptive material used to explain another element in the term entry. <li><tag>gram</tag> (grammar) : grammatical information referring to the term or to a term element; also applies to <tag>otherForm</tag>. <li><tag>note</tag> : <emph>in terminological applications</emph>, supplemental information associated with any element. <li><tag>ofig</tag> : other-form information group consisting of <tag>otherForm</tag> and any data elements that refer directly to the <tag>otherForm</tag> or to one of its related elements. <li><tag>otherForm</tag> : designation belonging to the same terminological information group as the term. <li><tag>term</tag> : linguistic designation denoting a concept belonging to a special language. <li><tag>termEntry</tag> : unit of data used to identify an entry containing one or more terms and their associated descriptive and administrative data. <li><tag>tig</tag> (terminological information group) : group of data elements associated with a term. </ul> <h2>4.2. Attributes <ul> <li><term>depend</term> : in flat term entries, attribute used to mark up elements that refer to an element within a terminological information group other than the term itself. <li><term>group</term> : in flat term entries, attribute used to mark up all elements associated with a terminological information group that are not directly associated with the term by virtue of the rules of adjacency. <li><term>type</term> : <emph>in terminological applications</emph>, attribute used to delimit a tag in association with an attribute value. </ul> <h2>4.3. Attribute Values <p> All terminological data element types not included as tags or attributes appear as values of the TEI-TERM attribute <term>type</term>. These attribute values comprise a sizable open list. TEI AI7 is working closely with ISO TC 37/Sub-Committee 3, Computational Aids in Terminology, Working Group 1 in developing an official data element directory for terminology work, which will eventually provide the core for a complete list of attribute values. The attribute values described here occur in the examples shown above and in Annex II. They frequently appear in conjunction with the tags indicated, although other configurations are possible. Other attribute values will be treated in more detail in the tutorial. <h2><tag>descrip</tag> <ul> <li><term>definition</term> : description that provides all information needed to differentiate one concept from all other related concepts in a given domain. <li><term>domain</term> : subject field to which a concept pertains. (Some TDBs may treat domain as an <tag>admin</tag> value.) </ul> <h2><tag>gram</tag> <ul> <li><term>pos</term> (part of speech) : any of the classes of words in a language to which a word can be assigned based on form, function, meaning, or a combination of these features, e.g. noun, verb, adjective, etc. <li><term>gen</term> (gender) : formal classification by which nouns and pronouns (and often accompanying modifiers) are grouped and inflected, or changed in form, so as to control certain syntactic relationships. </ul> <h2><tag>admin</tag> <ul> <li><term>responsibility</term> : code identifying the individual who creates, checks, updates or grants final approval to a data element or entry. (Some systems may treat responsibility as a cross-reference to a personnel record.) </ul> <h2><tag>xref</tag> <ul> <li><term>related term</term> : term conceptually connected to another term-concept assignment in a way that cannot be defined as strictly logical or partitive. <li><term>equivalent</term> : term in a language B that can be used in a given instance and within a specific domain for a term in a language A. </ul> <h1>Annex I: DTD Fragments <h2>DTD for Nested Term Entry <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!-- TEIterm1.DTD Basic nested structure for terminology interchange--> <!-- Text Encoding Initiative: Guidelines for the Encoding --> <!-- and Interchange of Machine-Readable Texts. --> <!-- DRAFT version 1.1, October 1990, corrected 12 Dec 90 --> <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!-- * The nested structure is used for data interchange and rep- * --> <!-- * resents a canonical form for terminology entries. * --> <!-- * Some terminology documents may need to be converted to the * --> <!-- * canonical exchange format. * --> <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!ENTITY % term.attributes "id ID #IMPLIED n CDATA #IMPLIED lang CDATA #IMPLIED rendition CDATA #IMPLIED type CDATA #IMPLIED group CDATA #IMPLIED depend CDATA #IMPLIED " > <!ELEMENT text - - (body) --> <!ELEMENT body - - (termEntry)+ > <!ELEMENT termEntry - - (descrip*,tig+) +(admin|note|%f.empty;|%f.misc;) > <!ATTLIST termEntry %term.attributes; > <!-- Notes, descrip(s) and admin(s) are allowed in the termEntry --> <!-- to provide documentation that applies to the whole entry. --> <!-- tig= term information group ofig= otherform information group --> <!ELEMENT tig - - (term, descrip*, (ofig|otherform)*) > <!ATTLIST tig %term.attributes; > <!-- Order is significant: term,descrip(s),ofig(s) or otherform(s) --> <!ELEMENT ofig - - (otherform, descrip*) > <!ATTLIST ofig %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT (term|otherform) - - (#PCDATA) +(gram) > <!ATTLIST term %term.attributes; > <!ATTLIST otherform %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT descrip - - (%broth | figure | formula | table)* > <!ATTLIST descrip %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT admin - - (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST admin %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT gram - - (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST gram %term.attributes; > <!-- figure, formula, note, table are used from TEIcrys1.dtd --> <!-- date, citn.ref, xref are used from TEIlow1.dtd --> <!-- %f.empty entity references citn.ref, xref; %f.misc references --> <!-- date in TEI.1.dtd --> ]]> </xmp> <h2>DTD for Flat Term Entry <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!-- TEIterm2.DTD Flat structure for loosely structured term texts --> <!-- Text Encoding Initiative: Guidelines for the Encoding --> <!-- and Interchange of Machine-Readable Texts. --> <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!-- * The flat structure is used to represent a variety of termi-* --> <!-- * nology documents that occur in practice and which do not * --> <!-- * adhere to the canonical interchange format. The flat repre-* --> <!-- * sentation allows for a less rigid structure, but provides * --> <!-- * a rich mechanism for reflecting inter-element relations. * --> <!-- ************************************************************** --> <!ENTITY % term.attributes "id ID #IMPLIED n CDATA #IMPLIED lang CDATA #IMPLIED rendition CDATA #IMPLIED type CDATA #IMPLIED group CDATA #IMPLIED depend CDATA #IMPLIED " > <!ELEMENT text - - (body) --> <!ELEMENT body - - (termEntry)+ > <!-- Declaration enforces appearance of at least one term in a --> <!-- termEntry, but may be preceded by descrip, admin, note or --> <!-- otherform,gram. There may be multiple notes, admins, descrips --> <!-- otherforms,grams appearing in any order. xRef, date, citnRef --> <!-- can appear in all positions in termEntry. --> <!ELEMENT termEntry - - (term & ( descrip | otherform | table | figure | formula | gram )* )+ +(admin|note|%f.empty;|%f.misc;) > <!ATTLIST termEntry %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT term - - (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST term %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT otherform - - (#PCDATA) > <!ATTLIST otherform %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT descrip - - (%broth;) > <!ATTLIST descrip %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT admin - - (#PCDATA ) > <!ATTLIST admin %term.attributes; > <!ELEMENT gram - - (#PCDATA ) > <!ATTLIST gram %term.attributes; > <!-- figure, formula, note, table are used from TEIcrys1.dtd --> <!-- date, citn.ref, xref are used from TEIlow1.dtd --> <!-- %f.empty entity references citn.ref, xref; %f.misc references --> <!-- date in TEI.1.dtd --> <!-- Note: an extension mechanism must be defined to utilize the --> <!-- few TEI tags listed above so that the local group and depend --> <!-- attributes can be used with them. --> ]]> </xmp> <h1>Annex II: Additional Examples of Term Entries <h2>Notes on the Examples: <p> TEI-TERM is designed to accommodate the variety of structures that occur in TDBs. Example 1 gives an ISO terminological entry. Example 2 treats this English-French equivalent pair as a single nested terminological entry, whereas Example 3 splits the information into two nested entries with cross-references. Example 4 shows the same data as a flat terminological entry with adjacent data elements, whereas Example 5 groups the elements according to element type, which requires the use of pointers in order to reconstruct the implicit terminological information group from discontiguous elements. <h3>1. Term entry as it appears in ISO 472 <xmp> <![ CDATA [ Domain: plastics Source: ISO 472, Second edition 1988-12-15, page 84 Responsibility: ISO/TC 61, Plastics <highlighted rendition='Bold'>thermal degradation</highlighted>: The entirety of all deleterious chemical modifications of plastic at elevated temperature. NOTE: - It is essential to report the temperature and other environmental conditions at which the phenomenon is studied. See also <highlighted rendition='Italic'>ageing</highlighted>. <highlighted rendition='Bold'>décomposition thermique: Ensemble de toutes les modifications chemiques nuisibles d'un plastique à température élevée. NOTE: - Il est essentiel d'indiquer la température et les autres conditions d'environement dans lesquelles le phénomène est étudié. Voir aussi <highlighted rendition='Italic'>viellissement</highlighted>. ]]> </xmp> <h3>Example 1 treated as a single term entry in nested form <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry id=te84.11> <descrip type=domain> plastics </descrip> <citnRef> ISO 472-1988 form="(p84)"> <admin type=responsibility> ISO/TC 61, Plastics </admin> <xref type=relatedTerm target=04.06> <tig lang=en> <term lang=en> thermal degradation <gram type=pos> n </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> The entirety of all deleterious chemical modifications of plastic at elevated temperature. </descrip> <note> It is essential to report the temperature and other environmental conditions at which the phenomenon is studied. </note> </tig> <tig lang=fr> <term lang=fr> décomposition thermique <gram type=pos> n </gram> <gram type=gender> f </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> Ensemble de toutes les modifications chemiques nuisibles d'un plastique à température élevé. </descrip> <note> Il est essentiel d'indiquer la température et les autres conditions d'environement dans lesquelles le phénomène est étudié. </note> </tig> <termEntry> [Referenced term entry: <termEntry id=te04.06> <tig lang=en> <term lang=en> ageing </term> ... </tig> <tig> <term lang=fr> vieillissement </term> ... </tig> </termEntry>] ]]> </xmp> <h3>3. Example 1 treated as two separate term entries in nested form <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry id=te84.11.en> <descrip type=domain> plastics </descrip> <citnRef target=ISO 472-1988 form="(p84)"> <admin type=responsibility> ISO/TC 61, Plastics </admin> <tig lang=en> <term lang=en> thermal degradation <gram type=pos> n </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> The entirety of all deleterious chemical modifications of plastic at elevated temperature. </descrip> <note> It is essential to report the temperature and other environmental conditions at which the phenomenon is studied. </note> <xref type=relatedTerm target=04.06.en> <xref type=equivalent lang=fr target=84.11.fr> </tig> </termEntry> <termEntry id=te84.11.fr> <descrip type=domain> plastics </descrip> <citnRef target=ISO 472-1988 form="(p84)"> <admin type=responsibility> ISO/TC 61, Plastics </admin> <tig lang=fr> <term lang=fr> décomposition thermique <gram type=pos> n </gram> <gram type=gender> f </gram> </term> <descrip type=definition> Ensemble de toutes les modifications chemiques nuisibles d'un plastique à température élevée. </descrip> <note> Il est essentiel d'indiquer la température et les autres conditions d'environement dans lesquelles le phénom`ne est étudié. </note> <xref type=relatedTerm target = 04.06.fr> <xref type=equivalent lang=en target=84.11.en> </tig> </termEntry> [Referenced term entry: <termEntry id=te04.06.en> <tig lang=en> <term lang=en> ageing </term> ... </tig> </termEntry> <termEntry id=te04.06.fr> <tig lang=fr> <term lang=fr> vieillissement </term> ... </tig> </termEntry>] ]]> </xmp> <h3>4. Example 1 treated as a flat term entry with adjacent data elements <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry id=te84.11> <descrip type=domain> plastics </descrip> <citnRef target=ISO 472-1988 form="(p84)"> <admin type=responsibility> ISO/TC 61, Plastics </admin> <term lang=en> thermal degradation </term> <gram type=pos> n </gram> <descrip type=definition> The entirety of all deleterious chemical modifications of plastic at elevated temperature. </descrip> <note> It is essential to report the temperature and other environmental conditions at which the phenomenon is studied. </note> <term lang=fr> décomposition thermique </term> <gram type=pos> n </gram> <gram type=gender> f </gram> <descrip type=definition> Ensemble de toutes les modifications chemiques nuisibles d'un plastique à température élevée. </descrip> <note> Il est essentiel d'indiquer la température et les autres conditions d'environement dans lesquelles le phénomène est étudié. </note> <xref type=relatedTerm target=04.06> <termEntry> [Referenced term entry: <termEntry id=te04.06> <term lang=en> ageing </term> ... <term lang=fr> vieillissement </term> ... </termEntry>] ]]> </xmp> <h3>5. Example 1 treated as a flat term entry with discontiguous data elements <xmp> <![ CDATA [ <termEntry id=te84.11 n=te84.11> <term lang=en n=1 id=el84.11.en> thermal degradation </term> <gram type=pos depend=1> n </gram> <term lang=fr n=2 id=el84.11.fr> décomposition thermique </term> <gram type=pos depend=2> n </gram> <gram type=gender depend=2> f </gram> <descrip type=definition group=1> The entirety of all deleterious chemical modifications of plastic at elevated temperature. </descrip> <descrip type=definition group=2> Ensemble de toutes les modifications chemiques nuisibles d'un plastique à température élevée. </descrip> <note group=1> It is essential to report the temperature and other environmental conditions at which the phenomenon is studied. </note> <note group=2> Il est essentiel d'indiquer la température et les autres conditions d'environement dans lesquelles le phénomène est étudié. </note> <xref group=1 type=equivalent target=el04.06.en> <xref group=2 type=equivalent target=el04.06.fr> <descrip depend=te84.11 type=domain> plastics </descrip> <citnRef depend=te84.11 target=ISO 472-1988 form="(p84)"> <admin depend=te84.11 type=responsibility> ISO/TC 61,Plastics </admin> <termEntry> [Referenced term entry: <termEntry id=te04.06 n=te04.06> <term lang=en n=1 id=el04.06.en> ageing </term> ... <term lang=fr n=2 id=04.06.fr> vieillissement </term> ... </termEntry>] ]]> </xmp> </body> <!> </gdoc>